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DWARF 3 User Manual Part 2

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This article introduces various shooting modes of DWARF 3 and complements the previous article DWARF 3 User Manual Part 1.

3. Tutorial for Different Modes

3.1 Photo Mode

3.1.1 Wide-Angle Photography

Adjust settings to take normal photos or video with the wide-angle lens, which use a fixed focus lens.

3.1.2 Telephoto Photography

Target Locating: Move the joystick or use dual-lenses locating to move the target to the center of the wide-angle view.
Focus, adjust settings, and shoot.

3.1.3 Object Tracking

You can use either the wide-angle or telephoto lens to track an object now!
For tele photo tracking:
Move the joystick or use dual-lenses locating to move the target to the center of the wide angle view.
Switch to the telephoto lens and focus (auto/manual).
Activate 'Function-Object Tracking' and track the target by tapping on it or dragging a box over it.
Click 'Stop' to end tracking and Exit to leave the mode.
Note: Object Track, where you tap and select to track a moving object, is different from Sun/Moon Tracking, which will set DWARF 3 to track the trails of the Sun/Moon (moving very slowly to the extent you don't even notice).

3.1.4 Sun Tracking & Shooting

  1. Position your DWARF 3 as level as possible on a platform, table top or tripod.
  2. For this process, use Alt/AZ (normal shooting) to capture the Sun. If you attempt EQ (Polar Alignment), it may cause issues with tracking on this type of target and drift significantly.
  3. Place the provided Neutral-Density (ND) filter over your lens area to protect the sensor from blinding by sunlight before aiming at it.
  4. Make sure you are in "Photo" mode first
  5. Manually (or electronically) move your device to point up and at the Sun - (use the Picture in Picture that displays the Wide-Angle to confirm it is in view)
If you notice that the objects in the two views are not aligned, please point the telescope away from the sun, remove the solar filter, and then aim at a distant object (more than 5 meters away). Switch the telephoto view to the main view, and tap Auto Focus. This process will help align the two views properly. Refer to 2.2 Dual Lenses Switch
 
You can take an Astro stack of the sun as well. If you want to create a stacked image that provides an addtional uncompressed file for post processing, then select the Photo Icon, Mode Switch to Astro. It will still continue to TRACK when you change modes.

Select Function > Parameter, then de-select AUTO-Parameter to change the individual settings. From there, all you need to do is experiment with your Shutter, Gain and select your Sub count located at the bottom of the parameter options.

 
Notes:
  • It is suggested for your first time capture, change your number of images to 20 or 30 for your first session. You do have the option to select a max of 999, but that will take a long time and you run the risk of exposing your device to intense heat over a long duration.
  • In tracking mode, the sun remains centered, allowing continuous observation or shooting videos/time-lapses/stacked photos after changing shooting mode to Photo/Video/Time-lapse/Astro.
  • During auto-focus, the camera auto-adjusts parameters, if you may know, typically at 1/250s-1/200s Exposure, Gain at 0, and VIS filter. Do adjust Hue and White Balance as preferred.
  • Please note, due to the absence of calibration in this process, it is very important to keep the lens cylinder face to the front side (DWARFLAB Logo) while tracking the sun and moon.
  • Please monitor the internal temperature reading while imaging the Sun. The recommended operating temperature range for the sensor is below 60°C (140°F). Charging is automatically disabled when the battery temperature exceeds 45°C (113°F) to prevent further heat buildup. If the internal temperature reaches 60°C (140°F), the Dwarf 3 will automatically shut down to protect the system and its sensors.

3.1.5 Moon Tracking & Shooting

Moon photography is similar to that of the Sun, except for no need of ND filters, and is best done at night, when it is more visible apparently. It can be captured during daylight hours, generally toward late evenings before sunset as well, as long as its visual observance is not obscured and bright enough for the Dwarf 3 to detect and track it.
  • Level DWARF 3 and aim the lenses approximately at the moon. Use dual-lens to locate or the joystick to center the moon in the wide-angle view. You can manually rotate the base and cylinder as well to quickly navigate to it prior to tracking.
  • For this process, use Alt/AZ (normal shooting) to capture the Moon. If you attempt EQ (Polar Alignment), it may cause issues with tracking on this type of target and drift significantly.

Switch to the telephoto lens, click Auto-Focus, and Dwarf 3 will automatically detect and adjust for the moon.

During auto-focus, parameters are automatically set, if you may know, typically at 1/400s-1/250s exposure, gain 0, and VIS filter.
Adjust Hue and WB as preferred.
Press shoot to take your first moon photo.
Feel free to switch to Astronomy Mode — it also works well for stacking the Moon.
  • Please note, due to the absence of calibration in this process, it is very important to keep the lens cylinder face to the front side (DWARFLAB MARK) while tracking the sun and moon.
  • Images captured in “Photo Mode” may appear dull or lower quality. This is due to the individual JPEG file being captured as a compressed file. Adjusting the Sharpness in Function-Parameter may help.
  • For a high quality image, you can complete an Astro Stack, which will be uncompressed and have substantially better visual definition.

3.2 Video Mode

Video mode functions are exactly the same as those of Photo Mode but for shooting videos. You can use both cameras to shoot videos.
Follow the steps: target the object, set parameters, select features (if any), and shoot.
Note: When you switch the app to the background or disconnect, the shooting process will still continue.

3.3 Burst Mode

Burst mode in 'Function' includes a 'Settings' option.
Set the time interval (from 1s to 60s) and the number taken of this set of pictures. Note that there's a brief delay in saving photos after hitting stop on taking the burst. So it might take some time for the photos to show up in the album.
Notes:
  • The change of interval settings during a shooting session will take effect to make sure you get a better record of a whole imaging process saying totality.
  • When you switch the App to the background or disconnect, the shooting process will still continue.

3.4 Time lapse Mode

Time lapse in 'Function' includes a 'Settings' option.
Settings include "Interval" (time between each shot, ranging from 1/2s to 60s) and "Duration" (total shooting time, default is unlimited, until your battery runs out).
You can also shoot a time-lapse video using the wide-angle lens, switch to that view and get a record!
An example calculation: a 5-second interval with a 10-minute shooting duration results in 120 frames (600 seconds / 5 seconds), creating a 4-second video at 30 fps (frames per second). Ignore it if you hate math.
When you switch the app to the background or disconnect, the shooting process will still continue. Note that there's a brief delay in saving photos after hitting stop on taking the time-lapse video. So it might take some time for the photos to show up in the album.
Recommended settings for different scenarios:
  • Clouds: 2-5 second intervals for capturing dynamic cloud movements, aiming for a 20-30 minute duration.
  • City Traffic: 1-3 second intervals to capture the hustle of city life, ideally for about an hour during peak times.
  • Blooming Flowers: Longer intervals, like 1 minute, for slower processes such as flowers blooming, extending over several hours or days.

3.5 Panorama Mode

Follow these steps to capture a professional gigapixel panorama!

3.5.1 Locating the Target

Just as above, locate your target in the wide-angle view, then switch to the telephoto view to focus.
Note: This telephoto view will serve as the center of the final entire panorama.

3.5.2 Selecting the Shooting Range

In the panorama-Function area, you'll find a 'Range' feature. Clicking on it allows you to select the number of shots you want per row or column. The range for rows is 3-30 and for columns is 3-60, meaning you can capture panoramas consisting of 9-1800 photos.
Note: The size of a green frame is taken as one unit. We will add a range preview in future updates. For now, the best is to estimate visually.

3.5.3 Adjusting the Parameter

Both in the day-time and night-time, automatic exposure is suggested, but you can adjust it manually according to your preferences.

3.5.4 Shooting the Panorama

Click on the shoot button to start capturing your panorama arts!
Notes for Panorama photography:
  • During the panoramic shooting, after clicking the shoot button, DWARF 3 will perform a initialization(about 5-6s), then rotate to the first photo in the top left corner of the entire panorama, shooting from left to right, row by row.
  • After clicking the shoot button, there is an approximate 3s waiting time for you, in case you want to attach any filters.
  • After shooting is complete, the telephoto view indicator (green box) will return to the center of the panorama,as saying, the initial position.
  • In 'Album', the panorama will be displayed as the first shot thumbnail and cannot be downloaded. This means you cannot preview the full panorama on your phone.

3.5.5 Pano Weave

After capturing a panorama, go to Album > Pano Weave to stitch, edit and download your panoramic image!
Select your panorama, tap Upload, and wait for the stitching to complete. Once it’s done, you’ll get a link to view the result online.
  • Don’t rush off just yet! Tap into your panorama and use Curve Adjustment to fine-tune the colors.
    Your changes will be applied in real time — no need to hit save!
The panorama in the album is just a preview but not a stitched image, so you cannot download it either

3.6 Auto Capture Mode (Bird & UFO)

Follow these steps to use DWARF 3 to automatically detect, track, and record birds around you.

3.6.1 Bird Capture

3.6.1.1 Locate the Target

Use the dual-lens system to quickly find and center your target in the telephoto view first. Perform focus then choose 'Function'- 'Subject' -'Bird'.

3.6.1.2 Click and Record

Click the capture button, and DWARF will automatically search for birds in its telephoto field of view, recognize their features, and automatically start video taking. It's that simple!
Of course, you can adjust parameters in the Function menu anytime.
 
Notes:
  • When internal storage is less than 1GB, recording will automatically stop and save.
  • When the battery is below 5%, shooting will automatically stop and save.
  • To achieve the best detection results, you cannot switch shooting modes or manually select tracking objects during the target detection phase. However, you can use the joystick to control the device’s movement or manually focus.
  • To achieve the best tracking results, you cannot perform operations such as moving the device, focusing, or zooming during automatic tracking and recording.

3.6.2 UFO Mode

3.6.2.1 UFO Capture

Click 'UFO' and follow the guide to complete the focus. Point the camera to the night sky and ensure no ground objects are in the field of view of either lens, then tap the capture button. DWARF will keep rotating and scanning for moving bright spots in the night sky, initiate tracking, and start recording, allowing you to fully enjoy the unmanned shooting experience.

3.6.2.2 Fixed Spot & Auto Scan

When locked, the device enters fixed-spot mode, detecting UFO at a fixed location. Once unlocked, it switches to Auto-Scan mode to scan the entire sky for UFOs.
To prevent damage from the sun during scans, the Auto-Scan mode is disabled during the daytime.
 

3.7 Astro Mode

3.7.1 Taking Astro Darks

Note: Remember, shooting Astro Dark helps prepare for Astrophotography Adventure and ensures better quality images.
1. Turn off the lights in Home Page-Light Setting.
2. Enter shooting interface. Select 'Astro' mode and choose "Darks".
To more accurately reduce noise, the DWARF 3 supports taking personalized dark frames. You can choose to capture dark frames using either wide-angle or telephoto lenses for different use.
  • When you first get your Dwarf 3, there may be multiple factory default dark frames captured under the same exposure parameters but at different sensor temperatures. The temperature difference will only be stated in the dark capture page index (shown on the left in the image above) though. It is currently not visible in the parameter selection area on the right. *This may change in a future update to display it.
    During stacking, the system will automatically apply the dark frame(s) with the closest temperature to your capture.
    For every 1 degree Celsius increase in temperature while shooting, a new dark frame will be generated. When stacking images, the dark frame with the closest temperature will be automatically selected and applied, so there's no need for manual selection.
    If you’d like to view or manage these dark frames, long press the relative darks in the dark taking page.
    Or connect your DWARF 3 to a computer via USB-A or C cable and navigate to:
    📂 Astronomy > Astro Darks (more information can be found in "How to View and Edit Files in DWARF 3")
  • Notes:
    1. For optimal results, the dark frame's exposure/shutter, gain, binning and shooting temperature should match your actual shooting parameters. If the temperature difference exceeds 8°C, we will prompt you to recapture the dark frame.
    2. The temperature indicated in the user interface at the top reflects the temperature of your internal sensor. It's not reading the ambient or local temperature of your location. It is recommended you let your DWARF 3 become aclimated to the weather at your preferred location first by letting it sit outside for approximately 10-20 mins, so it can either cool down, or heat up. You will note the temperature may rise or fall, based on how hot or cold it is. It is normal to see a much higher, or relatively low reading, compared to your outside temperature.
    3. You can store up to 100 dark frames in total. For the same shooting parameters, multiple darks with different temperatures can be saved, so your storage may fill up quickly.
    4. To manage your dark frames, long-press any dark entry to delete or organize them.(only stacked darks in Cali_Frame, which is used when stacking photos will be deleted, single frames in Astronomy-Darks will still be there)

How to take dark frames

1. Choose whether you need to take Darks for the telephoto or the wide-angle, then switch to that particular view before starting the Darks function (tap on the Picture in Picture viewer to swap to the desired optic)..
2. After selecting Darks, navigate to Function, then set the Shutter and Gain (if you are taking tele darks) of your dark frames to the same settings as your Astro shooting session. The default number of dark frames is set to 10, with support for customization. You can adjust the setting and take more Darks if you desire.
3. Attach ND filters to the device, and retract (rotate the cylinder) the lens into the body facing downwards to prevent light from entering the lens.
Note: YES, you can rotate the cylinder. It is designed to be manually moved, as well as the base axis.
4. Click the shooting button on the right to start capturing the dark frames.
Tap 'Tele Darks/Wide Darks' to see the dark frames you have already taken. DWARF 3 comes with some set of darks which are considered to be highly used.
Note: You can find the parameter sets associated with the dark frames you’ve captured under 'Astro Mode - Function - Parameter - Preset'. Simply click on your preferred parameter set to quickly apply the corresponding settings. Dark frames captured for wide-angle and long-focus lenses will be visible under their respective menus.

3.7.2 EQ Mode

Setting your telescope in Equatorial Mode (polar alignment) can neutralize the effect of Earth's rotation when tracking the target, ensuring stable tracking during long shutter time and reducing the impact of field rotation on your image.
We recommend setting your scope in EQ mode when you intend to set the exposure to 15 seconds and above.
*A recent update has now made it mandatory to be in EQ mode for anything 30 seconds and higher.
Get prepared and follow the instructions to achieve perfect polar alignment!
  1. Mount the DWARF 3 on your tripod
  • Attach securely so there’s no wobble.
  • Make sure the wedge/mount is roughly pointed toward your celestial pole (north or south).
  1. Set the latitude
  • Adjust the wedge/mount tilt to match your local latitude (e.g., 45° if you’re at 45°N).
  • It is helpful to have a scale on the side, but not required - the app will tell you how far you need to adjust if you manually adjust with no external device assistance
  1. Rough polar alignment
  • Rotate the wedge/mount to left/right so it points roughly at Polaris.
  • No need for perfect accuracy yet — the DWARF will plate-solve and fine-tune later.
  1. Enable Equatorial Mode in the App
  • In Astro > Function > Feature > EQ Mode.
  1. Plate Solving Alignment
  • When it starts, it will proceed through a few images to prepare you. It will take a few short exposures, compare the star field to a database, and then guide you on small wedge/mount adjustments, if needed.
  • Repeat until the App shows your alignment is within acceptable limits (under 2 degrees of deviation or less)
  • You can select "Be more precise" to fine tune your alignment if necessary.
  1. Lock it down
  • Once aligned, tighten all wedge and mount knobs if equipped — even a tiny slip will ruin tracking.
  1. Start your target capture
  • Tracking in EQ mode will reduce field rotation, letting you use longer individual exposures without star trails compared to Alt-Az mode.
Didn’t succeed on the first try? No problem! Make some adjustments based on the suggestions, and you'll achieve perfect results! 
Once you’ve completed polar alignment, an EQ icon will appear on the screen.
*The EQ status (indicating whether polar alignment is complete) is updated each time you perform calibration or recalculate it in the EQ Settings.
Notes: 
  • DWARF 3 does not require you to completely "see" Polaris (Northern Hemisphere) or Sigma Octantis (Southern Hemisphere) for EQ (polar alignment), only a rough alingment toward them
  • Ensure you have no obstructions in your location where it would interfere with the DWARF 3 from performing a series of calibration movements to determine if the device is set at the correct angle and direction. It must see above you to complete its function.
  • Please note the above steps are primarily written for DWARF users in the Northern Hemisphere. For Southern Hemisphere users, please reference this self-made guide created by one of our community members, How to Set up DWARF 3 for EQ mode in the South Hemisphere-DWARFLAB helpcenter.

3.7.3 One Tap GoTo

Open the Atlas, select your target, and click the little camera.Then follow the prompts, DWARF will automatically locate and track the target.
You can also compose your shot using the preview frame without selecting a specific target. For detailed information on the sky atlas, see Section 1.2 of the user manual. The features there are impressive.

3.7.4 Configuring Shooting Settings

After successful tracking, adjust the shutter speed to 15 seconds and above during the parameter setting and wait for the image to update while observing if there is any trailing of the stars. If there is no trailing, you can start taking pictures. If there is trailing, wait for a minute or two until it disappears. Once the star tracking is stable, adjust the gain to ensure that the background is not overexposed.
Select the appropriate filter. For filter details, refer to Section 2.13.1 Parameter Settings in DWARF 3 App Introduction tutorial.
If you’ve adjusted the preview frame size in the Atlas (mosaic) view, you’ll also need to multiply (shutter × count) by the (number of views). For detailed information, please refer to Section 3.7.9: Astro Mosaic in this guide.
Notes:
  • In Astro Mode, after each autofocus or calibration, or when you tap 'end current session' after a shooting, or you have performed the angle deviation calculation in EQ mode, the parameters will automatically change to Expo 0.5s (auto focus and infinity will just to 1s), Gain 120, Astro Filter (for firmware above 1.2.6) to obtain a proper brightness for DWARF’s star calculation. Therefore, once locating a celestial object, you will need to manually adjust the parameters.
  • The maximum shutter time for telephoto is 120s and wide-angle is 90 seconds.
  • Clicking on preset allows you to quickly apply recommended parameter sets. For more details, refer to Section 2.13.1 Parameter Settings and Section 3.7.1 Taking Astro Darks.

More Settings

Once the parameters are set, go to the Settings section and choose the format/Preview/Tele Binning/Mandatory Calibration based on personal preference. 
  • Format: A TIFF file is a type of raster image format (or bitmap format) that typically uses lossless compression to store images. This format is popular among photographers and graphic designers because it can store high-quality images while preserving detail and colour. A FITS file is the most commonly used digital file format in astronomy. The FITS standard was designed specifically for astronomical data, and includes provisions such as describing photometric and spatial calibration information, together with image origin metadata.
  • Please note: Even if you select TIFF as the format, the final stacked image will be in FITS format, while the individual frames will be saved as TIFF.
  • Preview: The single-frame preview shows the image currently being captured, while the stacked image displays the combined stacked result.You can switch between preview modes at any time during shooting. The single-frame preview allows you to check whether the tracking is working properly.
  • Tele Binning: Binning is a technique that can improve the light sensitivity of machine vision cameras. Several neighboring pixels are combined to form a larger pixel. This leads to a reduction in image resolution, but also to an increase in light sensitivity
  • Mandatory Calibration: this makes your astrophotography process safer and more accurate, ensuring every GoTo goes to the correct location. However, calibration can take time. If you’re confident, you can disable this option, and the manual calibration feature will appear on the screen when needed. 
  • Update Auto Focus(♾️)Position: Astro autofocus (♾️) is now manually adjustable. If AF fails, manually focus on the target to the finest clarity you can achieve and click update here. Later auto focus should also be fine once adjusted! To complete this process, go to Focus, manually focus your telephoto lens on the star field or a known object at distance. Go back and select Function > Settings > scroll down to Update Auto Focus Position, then press Update. Your 3 digit number should change to the manual setting you adjusted to previously while in "Focus".

 

3.7.5 Shooting & Waiting for Completion

Afterwards, simply click the shooting button to begin taking photos. Once two photos have been taken, the real-time stacked image will begin to appear.
Note:
  • Once your image session has started, you do not need to stay next to the device or remain connected via the direct wireless connection or over STA mode. You can close the application safely on your phone or tablet and come back later to check on it. The application gives the commands to start the session or set a schedule. If you close your app or disconnect by walking outside the connection range, it will not cancel or stop your session.
  • If you swipe out of your app or close, expect you will need to wait a few moments for it to reconnect, or you will need to connect to the wireless connection (either directly or through STA) to see the progress of your image session. After connecting, you will notice a small delay with the image updating on your screen as it processes the data from the DWARF.

3.7.5.1 Curves Function

During shooting, you can adjust Curve to enhance the colors of the RGB channels and overall brightness of deep space celestial objects. Click the 'Reset' button to return to previous channels.
Note: Pulling down the left side of the line will darken the background of the image while raising the right side will brighten the nebulae and galaxies. For more information on stretching (rearranging pixels to get different image results), we suggest browsing the internet. But don't worry, sometimes it's just a matter of intuition!

3.7.5.2 Save Curve Adjustment

After adjusting, don't forget to click Save to save your results. We directly save this photo to your phone or tablet’s photo album, not in the DWARF 3 App, for easy sharing.
*You can also save your still-on-the-go picture during your imaging session. Just adjust the curves, and tap SAVE, it will save the newest stacked image to your phone or tablet’s photo album.
During shooting, you can adjust Curve to enhance the colors of the RGB channels and overall brightness of deep space celestial objects. Click the 'Reset' button to return to previous channels.

3.7.6 Manual Astrophotography

If the shooting process fails, click "manual" to proceed with astrophotography manually.
The step is as follows.
We recommend using the manual shooting mode in the following situations:
  • The automatic shooting process fails.
  • You want to keep the focus fixed. Manual mode will not perform auto-focusing, allowing the telescope's focus to remain in the same position unless you manually change it.
Select the target from the Atlas, on hitting the camera button, the App will bring you to a page where you need to perform focus and calibration first on your own.

3.7.6.1 Focusing on the Stars

There are two scenarios for focusing - the first time after a firmware update, and subsequent times.
First time focusing after the update, please use Autofocus. If the image is not sharp, try Autofocus multiple times until a sharp image is obtained.
Click on "Focus" in Astro mode, then select "AF" from the pop-up menu of options. At this time AF should be highlighted, and the status bar at the bottom will display "Autofocus", which takes about 1 minute.

3.7.6.2 Implementing Calibration

Place the DWARF 3 on an open area with the rotation axis in its original position. Point the altitude axis at 45-80 degrees towards the starry sky, avoiding any obstructions to DWARF 3's view.
In Astro mode, execute the calibration function. Under normal conditions without clouds or other obstructions, wait a moment and calibration success will be indicated.
Choose "Calibration" button in the pop-up.
Please wait for the calibration process to be completed.

3.7.6.3 Start GoTo

Click the Start GoTo button. DWARF 3 will automatically navigate to the target you chose just now in Atlas.
The DWARF 3 will automatically begin calculating the position, pointing to and tracking the star. If you get an image like the one below, congratulations! The tracking was successful! If not, please try repeating this step.
If you want to switch targets, select the next target in the Atlas, click the small camera icon and confirm. Without manually moving the telescope, you can directly click "Start GoTo" without needing to manually refocus or recalibrate.
Notes for Astrophotography:
  • Ensure DWARF 3's viewing area is unobstructed, with visible stars (no clouds or buildings blocking stars), as these factors may cause Calibration and GoTo failures.
  • Avoid using a filter and adaptor during calibration, as it may cause failure.
  • If acquiring location information fails during calibration, try several more times and check if location permissions are allowed.
  • Pay attention to rotation axis limits during GoTo. Hitting the limit will prevent GoTo from reaching the target. Rotate the DWARF 3 base by a certain angle and recalibrate/GoTo.
  • If the stacked number does not increase when capturing long expo photos:
    1. Check if the preview background is too bright at the current gain, try lowering the gain and reshooting.
    2. At Expo 1s, Gain 120, check if stars are in focus and minimized. Refocus if needed before reshooting.
    3. If the above are correct but stacking still fails, ensure the environment is stable - solid tripod, no/low wind, etc. Then reshoot.

3.7.6.4 Stellar Studio

After completing your capture, you can post-process your deep-sky images from App Homepage > Album > Stellar Studio to achieve higher-quality imaging results. Stellar Studio is designed specifically for deep-sky objects (Tele & Wide). It will not work on Sun or Moon sessions.
Stellar Studio requires uploading your stacked image files from the DWARF telescope to the server. Your phone must be connected to the internet or in STA mode connection to use this feature.
1. Processing Features
Click options to start the processing
  • Auto: Automatically corrects star shapes, reduces noise, and enhances background uniformity.
  • Star Correction: Adjusts only the shape of stars.
  • Noise Reduction: Performs only noise reduction on the image.
  • Star Removal: Only removes all stars from the image, leaving a pure nebula view.
 
  • Watermark:The Watermark feature lets you add shooting/session info, your signature, or a fun caption to your astro photos. This feature currently applies to your JPG version only and is saved directly to your phone or tablet photo album folder.
    You can even choose from different styles (currently two available - more options will be added in the future).
    Go explore and make your images your own!
2. Viewing Results
Processed results can be viewed in the Task list.
Note: You can apply multiple processing features to the same image, generating separate result images under the same title in the task list.
Similarly, you can process an already processed image for multiple times, but new results will overwrite previous ones, and the task name will reflect the latest processing step.
3.Downloading & Saving:
Clicking download will save a JPG or a 16 bit PNG (stretched) to your phone’s system album (for viewing & sharing).
 
  1. Sometimes the file size of PNG images may not be detected correctly — it’s usually around a few tens of megabytes.
  2. You may also notice that PNG and JPG images look different. This is because JPGs typically have brightness and contrast enhancements (an S-curve tone mapping) already applied, whereas PNGs often retain the original linear brightness data without such adjustments. As a result, PNGs may look flatter, giving you more flexibility to process them manually.
  3. We recommend sharing images directly, and for post-processing, using PNG is better as it preserves more detail in highlights and shadows.
A RAW file (FITS format) will be stored in the cloud server for further processing.
How to Access Cloud Files:
Paste the link into a browser on your phone or computer to download the file for further use.
 
Note:
*Post-processed images will not be saved on your DWARF telescope.
*You may notice that the processed photo appears cropped compared to the version in the App’s album. This is because the current processing removes field rotation artifacts from the image by cropping them. We recommend using EQ mode for shooting to minimize the impact of field rotation. We are working on improving this processing method now, so later you won't lose the edges of the image.
*If a file is manually moved out of the DWARF device (for example, copied or cut to an external drive or PC), it will be recognized as an unknown file when moved back to the device — and as such, cannot be post-processed in Stellar Studio.
However, you may still be able to re-stack the original subframes in Mega Stack, which will generate a new valid file that Stellar Studio can recognize and process. See the next section for details on how to re-stack and restore your processing workflow.


3.7.6.5 Mega Stack

Mega Stack is a powerful new feature that allows you to stack images captured over multiple sessions, breaking the limit of single-session stacking. By combining data from different nights, you can reveal incredible details in deep-sky targets that were previously hidden. This is especially useful for faint nebulae and galaxies — the more you stack, the more you see!
Click on Mega Stack to select and stack images of the same target taken with the same filter.
 
Before stacking, you can tap View Single Frames to review individual images and delete any unsuitable ones before proceeding.
 
In the screenshot below, the image marked with an exclamation mark indicates that this frame was rejected during stacking, likely due to clouds, glare, or poor tracking.
Notes:
  1. To ensure successful stacking, all selected frames must be captured of the same target (or celestial objects with identical coordinates) and must use the same filter. **Due to different wavelengths being filtered by each type of filter, the resulting image spectrum can vary significantly. At the moment, our stacking process does not yet support compensating for these spectral differences between filters.
  2. Unlike other features in Infinity Lab, Mega Stack does not involve any cloud-based processing. All image stacking is performed locally on the device (onboard the telescope itself).
  3. Mega Stack supports restacking of data captured with firmware version V1.1.8 or later. Files that have been moved off the device can be copied back for processing — just make sure not to rename the files.
  4. Mega Satck is designed primarily for deep-sky objects, but now also supports re-stacking for single-session Sun and Moon captures. Please note that only single-session stacking is supported, as sunspots and the Moon’s rotation can affect alignment among frames of different sessions.
  5. Astro Mosaic (images with adjusted framing) supports only single-session stacking, as star positions may shift slightly between sessions. This will ensure higher stacking success.
     
     

    6. current Mega Stack feature is quite sensitive to star quality and alignment. If there are frames where the stars appear stretched or have noticeable trailing in any session, it can cause the entire stacking process to fail — even if just a few frames are affected.

    7. Although dark data is embedded during the initial shooting process, MegaStack allows you to reprocess with newly captured dark frames — especially helpful when temperature conditions have changed, just retake darks and then restack the session.
     
     


3.7.7 Wide-Angle Astrophotography

Wide-angle astrophotography currently supports manual mode only and requires the telephoto system for tracking. The wide-angle lens, like the telephoto, supports a maximum exposure time of 60 seconds and is equipped with a dark frame capture function (See Section 2.12.1 Parameter Settings and Section 3.7.1 Taking Astro Darks in this tutorial for details).
The following will guide you through how to capture stacked images of the Milky Way using a wide-angle lens. Other features are under continuous development.

How to capture the Milky Way

1. Set EQ Mode: We recommend using an exposure time of over 15 seconds to get the best results, so the first step is to set the device to EQ mode (recommended, for better tracking). For details on EQ Mode, refer to Section 3.7.2 EQ Mode in this tutorial. *Setting up your device in EQ mode for Milky Way captures is not required.
2. Prepare dark frames: Before starting the capture, click 'Function' - 'Parameter', switch to 'Wide-Angle', and check the dark frame parameter sets to ensure you have the corresponding dark frames. If not, please capture one. See Section 3.7.1 Taking Astro Darks in this tutorial for more details on taking them.
3. Select target and track: You may find the proper tracking target with the assistance of Sky Atlas.
Open the following mode in the Sky Atlas (See section 1.2 Sky Atlas in this tutorial), point your phone to the area of the Milky Way you wish to capture, and find a target that is approximately in the center. Use the one-click goto function to select the star and begin tracking.
4. Switch view: Change the wide-angle view to the main perspective.
5. Configure settings: Adjust the shooting parameters and the number of frames for stacking (or you can take a single shot as well). 
Suggested settings: These are suggested settings for first time users based on feedback from the DWARF community. Please try them out for your first Milky Way image, and if you are pleased with the results, or want to improve upon them, keep experimenting and changing it up.
Filter: Astro
Shutter: 60s
Gain: 10
Total Count (Subs): 60
Note: Wide-angle only supports 2K resolution photography.
6. Start shooting : Press the shooting button to start.
Below is an edited demo image for capturing the Milky Way with the parameters: (Shutter 60s*60 frames, Gain 10).

3.7.8 Schedule Shooting

Schedule Shooting allows you to capture celestial objects late at night without staying up. Simply set up your DWARF telescope, which will independently complete the task without supervision. Check the weather forecast to ensure you don't miss any clear night skies due to unexpected conditions!
There are two ways to schedule shooting: creating a plan directly from the homepage or creating a plan from the Atlas.

3.7.8.1 Create a Shooting Plan Directly

1. Create a plan: Follow the prompts to create a plan, fill in the plan name, select the shooting time, and save it.
2. Edit Plan: Edit plan name and time, change shooting device:
3. Click on the blank space in the schedule or the "+" icon in the bottom right corner to add a shooting target:
If you select "Input Coordinates", click on "Right Ascension" and "Declination" in the image below to input the coordinates.
If you select "Add Recommended Target", enter the target name in the input box shown below or choose from the recommended list.
Slide the time range below to set the shooting time:
Click "Shutter" "Gain" "Filter" here to set the parameters:
Note:
  1. The entire curve on the graph represents the time span from sunrise to sunset.
  1. The red section of the curve indicates that the target’s altitude is below 30°, while the blue section means the altitude is above 30°.
  1. For best results, we recommend scheduling your observation when the target is above 30° — that is, within the blue section of the curve. So when setting your shooting schedule, make sure to place the session within the blue zone for optimal image quality. The actual degree will be indicated when you slide the lines to help you set the time.
Notes:
  • Due to various dynamic factors, the number of frames cannot be set manually. The system will automatically capture the maximum possible frames within the scheduled time.
  • The maximum exposure time for Schedule Captures is 60 seconds.
  • In schedule shooting it automatically set appropriate filters for some common targets, with other targets defaulting to astro filters.
4. Synchronize Plan
You need to synchronize the configured shooting plan to the DWARF device. Due to the changing visibility of celestial objects, to ensure the plan is executed perfectly:
  • Plans can only be synchronized for the same night.
  • Synchronization is allowed up to 12 hours in advance and no later than 5 minutes before the plan starts.
If the synchronization time has not yet arrived, you cannot sync the plan.
Synchronization is possible within the valid timeframe.
5. Preparation for Shooting
Once synchronization is complete, secure the following items are fulfilled:
  • Sufficient Power: verify the DWARF device is fully charged.
  • Correct Placement: Position the DWARF in the appropriate location.
  • Disconnect and Leave: After all preparations are complete, disconnect your device and step away. DWARF will automatically enter sleep mode and wake up at the scheduled start time.
  • Do Not Power Off: Ensure you do not hit the power off button.
Notes:
  • When DWARF is in Sleep Mode it looks almost identical to being powered off — no lights, no signals. However - the cylinder (lens) will NOT rotate closed and stay in its open position for it to better process its position and start the scheduled session when the start time begins.
  • When your scheduled shooting session has been completed, the cylinder will rotate close to a secure position to protect it. This is also helpful incase your session goes into the daylight hours. As some will notice, it does not completely close (maybe 95%, but this is normal and should not worry the operator)
  • Regarding EQ Mode: You can use EQ mode in Schedule Shooting to align the DWARF with the polar axis in advance. Also, you may turn off the ring light for better results.
  • Regarding Dark Frames: Check the dark frame files before shooting to ensure there are corresponding frames available for stacking. If not, you can capture them now.
  • Do Not Power Off: DWARF will enter sleep mode after 15 minutes of inactivity when disconnected to save power. In sleep mode, all indicator lights remain off. The device appears completely powered off, but it is in a extremely low-power standby state. But it is not completely powered off and will automatically wake up before the scheduled time. Do not press the power button, as DWARF will then forget the shooting plan and will not wake up at the scheduled time.
  • Sleep mode and the scheduled shooting function are completely independent. Sleep mode is a power-saving feature that automatically activates 15 minutes after the device is idle and not connected to external power. This behavior applies under all conditions.
  • If your DWARF is connected to external power and you have set up a scheduled session but notice that the device does not enter sleep mode, there’s no need to worry — the scheduled shooting will still start normally. Even if the device enters sleep mode later (for example, if charging stops during the waiting period), the scheduled session will still begin as expected.
  • Unexpected Issues:
  • If you accidentally power off the device after synchronizing the plan, please power it back on, cancel the synchronization, and re-sync the plan. Then, let the DWARF enter sleep mode naturally.
  • DWARF in sleep mode cannot be woken up. If you need to use it in other sessions, manually turn it on and perform the desirable operations. Restarting will refresh DWARF’s schedule memory, so don’t forget to re-sync your shooting plan for the day.
  • DWARF will not enter sleep mode while charging. It will only enter sleep mode to save power once the charging stops.
6. Modify Plan
You can modify the plan at any time before it starts.To modify a plan, you must first cancel synchronization. You can add targets at any time. And a long press can delete the target.
Locking a plan prevents it from being accidentally deleted.
7. Plan Execution Status
Your shooting plan will have the following statuses:
Pending Synchronization, To Be Commenced, Shooting, Schedule Accomplished, and Schedule Expired.
You can connect to a DWARF at any time to check the plan’s execution status. If you encounter a plan execution failure, please upload the log in Settings - Support to get assistance.

3.7.8.2 Create Plan from Atlas

From the Atlas, you can freely browse and click on a target to directly plan its shooting. To commence, you need:
1. Choose the Right Time: click the time icon in the bottom-right corner to select the time you plan to shoot. The Atlas will update to reflect the sky at the selected time.
2. View Targets: Click the top-right corner to view recommended targets or search for targets to see their visibility.
3. Select a Target: Choose your desired target. Swipe the menu to add it to the shooting plan.
Go back to the homepage to check your newly set shooting plan. All subsequent actions and precautions are listed in the previous section.
With the Schedule Shooting feature, capturing stunning deep-sky objects has never been easier. Whether you’re planning a night-long astrophotography marathon or simply want to automate your stargazing experience, DWARF 3 ensures precision and convenience!
 

3.7.8.3 Schedule A Mosaic!

If you’d like to schedule an Astro Mosaic shoot, you’ll first need to select your target and adjust the preview frame to your desired composition. Then, swipe up the bottom menu and choose “Add to Schedule.”
 
**Mosaic imaging requires higher precision, so make sure your equatorial alignment is properly set (roughly aligned if planning during daytime). For a step-by-step guide, be sure to read “Learn More” in the app.
 
 
With the Schedule Shooting feature, capturing stunning deep-sky objects has never been easier. Whether you’re planning a night-long astrophotography marathon or simply want to automate your stargazing experience, DWARF 3 ensures precision and convenience!

3.7.9 Astro Mosaic

DWARF 3’s astronomical mosaic feature allows you to capture and stitch together multiple adjacent fields of view, creating a wider and more detailed image of the night sky. It’s perfect for photographing large deep-sky objects such as the Orion Nebula and North America Nebula.
 
 

Image credit: Rico SP

  1. Mosaic Field-of-View:

The DWARF 3 supports a maximum 1.8x1.8 zoom perspective. When shooting, DWARF 3 will automatically determine how many segments to shoot based on your selected composition ratio:
 
  • The default view is 1 × 1, meaning only one segment is captured (no mosaic needed).
  • If either the horizontal or vertical composition ratio is greater than 1, that direction will use 2 segments.
  • For example, a ratio of 1 × 1.5 results in 2 views, while 1.5 × 1.5 results in 4 views.
  • Maximum supported layout: 1.8 × 1.8, totaling 4 views.
  1. How long does it take to shoot the mosaic?

The estimated shooting time is automatically calculated based on your selected composition size, exposure time, and number of frames.
📌 So for a full 1.8 × 1.8 mosaic (4 views), with 15s expo and 50 frames setting for each view, the estimated time is:
15s × 50 frames × 4 views = 50 minutes
You can also customize the exposure and frame count, and the system will recalculate the estimated duration in real time.
 
Tips: If you haven't adjusted the parameters, the system will use the default settings:
  • 15-second exposure per frame
  • 50 frames
If you haven't adjusted the frame as well, the system will use the default settings:(15s X 999 ≈ 4h9min)
 
  1. How to use the mosaic function?

1️⃣ Enable Equatorial (EQ) Mode

Astronomical mosaics require stable tracking. To avoid image rotation caused by Earth’s rotation, EQ mode must be enabled for this function.
Tip: After EQ calibration, the preview frame will display real-time pointing direction. (Detail explanation later)

2️⃣ Compose in Sky Atlas & Select Target

  • Choose your target in the Sky Atlas and adjust the preview frame.
  • Tap GoTo to locate the target.
 
Tips:
✅ Recommended: Orion Nebula, North America Nebula, Vega’s surrounding star fields
❌ Not Applicable: Moon, planets, comets — small or fast-moving objects

3️⃣ Set Shooting Parameters

After GoTo is complete, go to:
Shooting Interface → Function → Parameter
Here you can customize:
  • Exposure time
  • Gain
  • Number of frames
You’ll also see the estimated total shooting time on this screen.
 

4️⃣ Auto Stitching & Post-Processing

After shooting, DWARF will automatically generate a roughly preview mosaic image.
We strongly recommend finish your mosaic image using Stellar Studio, which can intelligently detect and eliminate edge seams between Mosaic Views.
Go to: Album → Stellar Studio to post-process and optimize the final result!
 
If you notice obvious light seams or edge discoloration, it’s recommended to manually review and filter the bad sub-frames, then restack in Mega Stack before final processing in Stellar Studio.
  1. Notes for Mosaic Rotation

If your DWARF 3 is placed flat on the ground (in Alt-Az mode), the preview frame will always be in a horizontal position.
After setting up the equatorial mode, the actual astronomical image will also be tilted.
The rotation angle cannot be manually adjusted; after all, DWARF 3 cannot yet assume a tilted position like a robot. However, it can calculate the angle through calibration (angle calculation in equatorial mode or calibration in GoTo).
Therefore, the astro mosaic workflow is now: Set the EQ mode (optional) - access the Atlas to compose using the preview frame (adjusting position and size) - capture the image-process in Stellar Studio
The wide-angle camera may allow mosaic photos in future updates.
 
Astro Mosaic Note
When planning a mosaic, image quality becomes especially important because the final result relies on seamless stitching between view tiles. To ensure the best outcome:
  • Make sure your EQ alignment is as precise as possible before capturing.
  • If you notice visible seams or artifacts in the final mosaic, consider recapturing dark frames or filtering out lower-quality subframes.
  • Then, use Mega Stack to reprocess the stacked tiles and finally re-stitch them in Stellar Studio.
A bit of extra care during capture and processing can make a big difference in the final mosaic quality!
 
 
 
 
 
 
Now, as an official DWARF 3 product expert, before you embark on the astonishing journey with your DWARF 3 telescope, remember:
While DWARF 3 can take you on a cosmic voyage to distant stars and unravel the mysteries of the universe, it sadly can't locate your lost remote control or solve those perplexing love life conundrums.
So, as you gaze into the vast night sky, don't forget that the most authentic explorations in life are often right beside you. Grasp it and embrace a more thrilling life! Use DWARF 3 to uncover the small joys and cosmic secrets hidden in your everyday life, making each stargazing session an unforgettable adventure. Here's to turning every glance at the stars into a journey to remember!
One more thing, if you find it helpful, don't forget to give it a thumbs up and schedule some time for your next adventure with DWARF 3!
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Last modified: 2025-09-03